Kuva hagatiUkuboza, habaye izamuka rikomeye ry’ibiciro bya aluminium, aho aluminium ya Shanghai yagarutse hafi 8,6% bivuye ku gipimo cyo hasi ya 18.190 / toni, na
LME aluminium izamuka kuva hejuru ya 2,109 US $ / toni igera kuri 2,400 US $ / toni.Ku ruhande rumwe, ibi biterwa nubucuruzi bwisoko ryicyizere
kubyerekeye inyungu za Banki nkuru y’Amerika yagabanije ibiteganijwe, naho ku rundi ruhande, habaye izamuka rikabije bitewe n’igabanuka ry’ibiciro ry’igabanuka ry’umusaruro wa alumina wiyongereye ku kibazo cy’inyanja Itukura.Iri zamuka muri aluminium ya Shanghai ryacitse kubera ihindagurika
urwego rwakozwe mu gihe kirenga umwaka, hamwe na LME aluminium yerekana ugereranije intege nke.Icyumweru gishize, nkuko bamwe mubakora alumina basubukuye
umusaruro, koroshya impungenge zitangwa, ibiciro bya alumina na aluminiyumu byagabanutse gato.
1. Amabuye ya Bauxite Gutanga Ibura bizakomeza kugabanya ubushobozi bwa Alumina Umusaruro
Ku bijyanye n’amabuye ya bauxite yo mu rugo, igipimo cy’ibimina gisanzwe ni gito mu gihe cy'itumba.Impanuka y’ibirombe yabereye i Shanxi mu mpera zumwaka ushize yatumye ibirombe byinshi byaho bihagarara
umusaruro wo kugenzura no gusana, udategereje gusubukurwa mugihe gito.Ikirombe cya Sanmenxia muri Henan nacyo nticyigeze gitangaza ko gisubukuwe, hamwe
yagabanutse amabuye y'agaciro muri Pingdingshan.Hano hari ibirombe bike bishya byafunguwe muri Guizhou, kandi biteganijwe ko itangwa rya amabuye ya bauxite rizakomeza gukomera mu gihe kinini, rikazashyigikira cyane ibiciro bya alumina.Kubyerekeranye n'amabuye yatumijwe mu mahanga, ingaruka za
ibura rya peteroli kubera iturika rya peteroli ya Gineya rirakomeje, ahanini bigaragarira mu kongera ibiciro bya peteroli ku masosiyete acukura amabuye y'agaciro no kuzamuka kw'ibicuruzwa bitwara ibicuruzwa byo mu nyanja.
Kugeza ubu, ni igihe cyiza cyo kohereza amabuye ya Gineya.Nk’uko SMM ibitangaza, icyumweru gishize ibicuruzwa byoherejwe na alumina byaturutse muri Gineya byageze kuri toni miliyoni 2.2555,
kwiyongera kwa toni 392.900 uhereye kuri toni miliyoni 1.8626 y'icyumweru gishize.Ibintu bitoroshye mu nyanja Itukura byagize ingaruka nke ku gutwara amabuye ya alumina,
kubera ko hafi mirongo irindwi ku ijana by'ubushinwa bwa alumina butumizwa mu mahanga biva muri Gineya, naho ibicuruzwa biva muri Gineya na Ositaraliya ntibinyura mu nyanja Itukura.
Ingaruka zishobora kugaragara ku gice gito cyo gutwara amabuye ya alumina avuye muri Turukiya.
umwirondoro wa aluminiumKubera ikibazo cyo kubura amabuye ya alumina no kugabanya umusaruro w’ibidukikije, habaye igabanuka rikomeye ry’ubushobozi bwa alumina mbere.Nk’uko Aladdin abitangaza ngo guhera ku wa gatanu ushize, ubushobozi bwa alumina bwari toni miliyoni 81.35, aho bukoreshwa bwa 78.7%, ku buryo bugaragara ko buri munsi ya toni miliyoni 84-87 mu gice cya kabiri cy'umwaka.Ibiciro bya Alumina byazamutse hamwe nibiciro byigihe kizaza.Ku wa gatanu ushize, igiciro cy’akarere ka Henan cyari 3,320 Yuan / toni, kikaba cyiyongereyeho 190 / toni ugereranije n’icyumweru gishize.Ibiciro by'ahantu mu karere ka Shanxi byiyongereyeho amafaranga 180 kugeza kuri 3,330 / toni ugereranije n'icyumweru gishize.Mu cyumweru gishize, hamwe n’ubuziranenge bw’ikirere mu bice bimwe na bimwe bya Shandong na Henan hamwe n’ikurwaho ry’imihindagurikire y’ikirere ikabije, amasosiyete menshi ya alumina yongeye gukora umusaruro, inyinshi muri zo zikaba ari ibicuruzwa biboneka.Isosiyete nini yo mu karere ka Shanxi yagabanije ubushobozi bw’umusaruro kubera ibibazo byo kubara nayo irasubukura umusaruro, hamwe n’andi masosiyete amwe n'amwe, ibyo bikaba byerekana ko ibintu bitoroshye ku bicuruzwa bya alumina mu gihe gito bishobora gutera imbere.Nyamara, ikibazo cyo gutanga amabuye adahagije giteganijwe gukomeza gutanga inkunga kubiciro bya alumina mugihe giciriritse.
2. Kongera ibiciro ninyungu kuri Aluminium Electrolysis
Ku bijyanye n’ibiciro bya electrolysis ya aluminium, usibye kuzamuka cyane kw'ibiciro bya alumina, ibiciro by'amashanyarazi na soda ya caustic byakomeje kuba byiza.Mu ntangiriro z'ukwezi, uruganda ruzwi cyane mu gihugu rwagabanije cyane igiciro cy’isoko rya fluoride ya aluminium, bituma igabanuka ry’ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa ku isoko rya fluoride ya aluminium.Muri rusange, SMM yagereranije ko mu ntangiriro za Mutarama, igiciro cyose cya electrolysis ya aluminiyumu cyageze ku giciro cya 16.600 kuri toni, kikaba cyiyongereyeho 320 kuri toni kiva ku 16.280 kuri toni hagati mu Kuboza umwaka ushize.Hamwe n'izamuka rimwe ryibiciro bya aluminium electrolysis, inyungu ku mishinga ya aluminium electrolytike nayo yabonye ubwiyongere runaka.
3. Kugabanuka Guke Mumusaruro wa Aluminium Electrolysis hamwe nu Rwego Ruto
Nk’uko Ikigo cy'igihugu gishinzwe ibarurishamibare kibitangaza, kuva muri Mutarama kugeza mu Gushyingo 2023, umusaruro w’ubushinwa w’umusaruro wa aluminium electrolytike wari toni miliyoni 38, umwaka ushize wiyongereyeho 3,9%.Umusaruro mu Gushyingo wagabanutseho gato ugera kuri toni miliyoni 3.544, bitewe ahanini n’amashanyarazi yabujijwe mu karere ka Yunnan.Nk’uko byatangajwe na Mysteel, guhera mu mpera z'Ugushyingo, Ubushinwa bwubatswe na aluminium electrolytike ya aluminiyumu yari toni miliyoni 45.0385, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukora toni miliyoni 42.0975 ndetse no gukoresha ubushobozi bwa 93.47%, igabanuka rya 2,62% ukwezi ku kwezi.Mu Gushyingo, Ubushinwa bwatumizaga aluminiyumu mbisi bwari toni 194.000, ugereranije no mu Kwakira, ariko buracyari ku rwego rwo hejuru.
Kugeza ku ya 5 Mutarama, ibarura rya aluminiyumu ry’ivunjisha rya Shanghai ryari toni 96.637, rikomeza inzira yo kumanuka kandi riguma ku rwego rwo hasi ugereranije n’igihe kimwe mu myaka yashize.Ingano ya garanti yari toni 38.917, itanga inkunga runaka kubiciro biri imbere.Kugeza ku ya 4 Mutarama, Mysteel yatangaje ko ibarura rusange rya aluminiyumu ya electrolytike yari toni 446.000, toni ibihumbi 11.3 munsi ugereranije n’icyo gihe cyashize umwaka ushize, bikaba byerekana ko muri rusange ikwirakwizwa ry’imbere mu gihugu rikomeje kuba rito.Urebye ibikorwa byamanutse bigabanuka mbere yumunsi mukuru wimpeshyi hamwe nigabanuka ryateganijwe kugabanuka ryamazi ya aluminiyumu ninganda za aluminium electrolytike, ibarura rya aluminiyumu rishobora kwihuta mugice cya kabiri Mutarama.Ku ya 5 Mutarama, ibarura rya LME rya aluminiyumu ryageze kuri toni 558.200, ryazamutseho gato kuva hagati mu Kuboza hagati, ariko riracyari ku rwego rwo hasi muri rusange, hejuru gato ugereranije n'icyo gihe cyashize.Umubare w'amafaranga yinjiye mu bubiko yari toni 374.300, ufite umuvuduko wo gukira vuba.Amasezerano ya LME ya aluminium yabonye kontango nkeya, byerekana ko itangwa ryaho ritagaragaje ubukana bukomeye.
4. Intege nke Zisabwa Mbere yumwaka mushya w'Ubushinwa
Nk’uko SMM ibivuga, nyuma y’umunsi mushya wa Yeay, ibarura rya aluminiyumu ryinjiye mu buryo bwihuse bwo guhunika.Kugeza ku ya 4 Mutarama, ibarura rusange rya aluminium yo mu rugo ryageze kuri toni 82.000, ryiyongereyeho toni 17.900 ugereranije no ku wa kane ushize.Kugera kw'ibicuruzwa byibanze mu biruhuko, kugabanuka kw'ibikorwa byo hasi mbere y'umwaka mushya w'Ubushinwa, ndetse no ku rwego rwo hejuru rw'ibiciro bya aluminiyumu byahagaritse kugura ibicuruzwa byo hasi, byari impamvu nyamukuru zo kuzamura ibicuruzwa.Mu cyumweru cya mbere cyo mu 2024, igipimo cy’ibikorwa by’inganda ziyobowe na aluminiyumu zo mu gihugu byakomeje kuba intege nke, ku kigero cya 52.7%, aho icyumweru cyagabanutseho 2,1%.Bimwe mubikorwa byo kubaka imyirondoro yumusaruro hamwe nibicuruzwa byagabanutse, mugihe inganda ziyobora ibinyabiziga zagumye ku gipimo cyo hejuru.Isoko ryamafoto ya Photovoltaque ryahuye naya marushanwa akomeye, kandi umubare wibicuruzwa nabyo byagabanutse.Urebye kuri terefone, igiteranyo cy’umwaka ku mwaka cyagabanutse mu gice gishya cy’ubwubatsi n’ahantu hubatswe kuva muri Mutarama kugeza mu Gushyingo byagaragaje ko hari byinshi byahindutse, ariko uko byagurishijwe ku rwego rw’umuguzi wa nyuma byakomeje kuba intege nke.Mu Gushyingo 2023, Ubushinwa ibicuruzwa n’ibicuruzwa byarangije miliyoni 3.093 na miliyoni 2.97, byiyongera ku mwaka ku mwaka byiyongereyeho 29.4% na 27.4%, byerekana ko iterambere ryihuta.
5. Ugereranije Byoroheje Ibidukikije byo hanze
Banki nkuru y’igihugu yagumanye igipimo cy’inyungu nticyahindutse mu nama yo mu Kuboza, Powell asohora ibimenyetso bya dovish, avuga ko Banki nkuru y’igihugu irimo gusuzuma no kuganira ku igabanywa ry’inyungu zikwiye, kandi hasuzumwe ko hashobora kugabanywa ibiciro.Mugihe ibiteganijwe kugabanuka ryibiciro bishimangira, imyumvire yisoko ikomeza kuba nziza, kandi ntampamvu zikomeye zubukungu ziteganijwe mugihe gito.Umubare w’amadolari y’Amerika wasubiye inyuma munsi ya 101, kandi umusaruro w’inguzanyo z’Amerika nawo wagabanutse.Inyandikomvugo y'inama yo mu Kuboza yasohotse nyuma ntabwo yari iteye ubwoba nk'imyumvire y'inama yabanjirije iyi, kandi imibare myiza y'akazi itari iy'ubuhinzi mu Kuboza nayo yashyigikiye igitekerezo cy'uko politiki y'ifaranga ry'amafaranga izakomeza mu gihe kirekire.Ariko, ibi ntibibangamira ibyifuzo byibanze byo kugabanuka kwibiciro bitatu muri 2024. Mbere yumwaka mushya wubushinwa, igabanuka ritunguranye mubukungu bwa macroeconomic ntirishobora kubaho.Mu kwezi k'Ukuboza inganda PMI y’Ubushinwa yagabanutseho 0.4% igera kuri 49%, byerekana ko umusaruro ugabanuka n’ibipimo by’ibisabwa.Muri byo, ibipimo bishya byateganijwe byagabanutseho 0.7% bigera kuri 48.7%, byerekana ko umusingi wo kuzamura ubukungu bw’imbere mu gihugu ugikeneye gushimangirwa.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Mutarama-22-2024